ifconfig命令
一、基本用法
ifconfig网卡操作命令,可以用来启动、设置和修改网络配置。
直接使用命令可以查看当前主机所有网卡的信息:
[ma@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 20:89:84:49:EF:46
inet addr:192.168.123.58 Bcast:192.168.123.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: abcd::ff03/120 Scope:Global
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:919 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:419 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:78144 (76.3 KiB) TX bytes:47656 (46.5 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
其中,eth0
是本地网卡信息,lo
是本地环回地址,可以直接在命令后面加网卡名查看指定网卡的信息:
[ma@localhost ~]$ ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 20:89:84:49:EF:46
inet addr:192.168.123.58 Bcast:192.168.123.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: abcd::ff03/120 Scope:Global
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:949 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:439 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:80840 (78.9 KiB) TX bytes:50696 (49.5 KiB)
二、启动/停止网卡
启动和停止网卡的命令为:
ifconfig 网卡名 up # 启动网卡
ifconfig 网卡名 down # 关闭网卡
例如启动eth0,则输入命令ifconfig eth0 up
即可。
三、设置网卡的ip地址
如果想要给网卡eth0设置ip地址,可以通过以下方式来实现:
ifconfig eth0 192.168.10.2
ifconfig eth0 192.168.10.2/24 # ip地址+掩码位数
ifconfig eth0 192.168.10.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 # ip地址+子网地址
ifconfig eth0 192.168.10.2/24 broadcast 192.168.10.255 # 指定广播地址
四、多网卡
和windows以下,linux环境下的网卡也可以设置多个ip地址,如需给网卡eth0添加额外的地址,可以通过以下方式来完成:
ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.10.1
ifconfig eth0:2 192.168.10.2
此时,使用ifcofnig即可看到多块网卡:
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 20:89:84:49:EF:46
inet addr:192.168.123.58 Bcast:192.168.123.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: abcd::ff03/120 Scope:Global
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1199 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:570 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:102345 (99.9 KiB) TX bytes:67010 (65.4 KiB)
eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 20:89:84:49:EF:46
inet addr:192.168.10.1 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
eth0:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 20:89:84:49:EF:46
inet addr:192.168.10.2 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
五、ipv6地址
如果想要给网卡设定ipv6地址,则需通过指定inet6来完成。
添加一个ipv6地址:
ifconfig eth0:1 inet6 add abcd::ff10
ifconfig eth0:2 inet6 add abcd::ff11
查看地址信息:
> ifconfig eth0:1
eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 20:89:84:49:EF:46
inet addr:192.168.10.1 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
发现并没有ipv6地址,实际上,ipv6地址信息显示在主网卡上面,要查询eth0才能看到:
> ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 20:89:84:49:EF:46
inet addr:192.168.123.58 Bcast:192.168.123.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: abcd::ff11/0 Scope:Global
inet6 addr: abcd::ff10/0 Scope:Global
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1492 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:743 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:128419 (125.4 KiB) TX bytes:89202 (87.1 KiB)
删除ipv6地址:
ifconfig eth0 inet6 del abcd::ff10/0
ifconfig eth0 inet6 del abcd::ff11/0
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